Hi Kurt;
1. That is the recommended tutorial
2. Setting up Eclipse. Step 6 enters how to choose between them and states: "The “galileo” entry is just a nomenclature and will not affect the environment if you have an Edison board".
3. Have you tried with this Running a Sample Application ?
This is another thread related to how to create successfully a new project.
4. Did that suggestion worked for you? Have you tried to upgrade the library in your board and pass the source code in the PC?
5. I've never tried something similar, so I can't tell how hard it could be.
6. Take a look at these links:
FAQ How do I add an extra library to my project's classpath? - Eclipsepedia
Adding an External Library to an Eclipse Project Folder | The Oxford Math Center
Take a look at the properties too:
7. Don't hesitate in ask
Let me know if this is useful for you.
Best Regards;
CMata